Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials that go into their production is crucial for ensuring quality, comfort, and safety. This article delves into the composition and properties of the primary raw materials used in sanitary pads.

## 1. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of a sanitary pad, responsible for absorbing and retaining menstrual fluid. It is typically made from a combination of the following materials:

– **Wood Pulp**: A natural, biodegradable material that provides excellent absorbency.
– **Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP)**: A synthetic material that can absorb many times its weight in liquid, enhancing the pad’s capacity.
– **Airlaid Paper**: A lightweight, highly absorbent material that helps distribute liquid evenly.

## 2. Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It must be soft, comfortable, and allow for quick liquid absorption. Common materials include:

– **Nonwoven Fabric**: Made from synthetic fibers like polypropylene, it is soft, breathable, and allows for rapid liquid transfer.
– **Perforated Film**: A thin, flexible material with tiny holes that facilitate quick absorption while keeping the surface dry.

## 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the pad, designed to prevent leakage and provide a barrier against moisture. It is usually made from:

– **Polyethylene Film**: A waterproof, flexible material that ensures no liquid escapes.
– **Breathable Microporous Film**: Allows air to circulate, reducing the risk of skin irritation and discomfort.

## 4. Adhesive

Adhesives are used to secure the pad in place within the underwear. They must be strong enough to hold the pad in position but gentle enough to avoid skin irritation. Common types include:

– **Hot Melt Adhesive**: A thermoplastic adhesive that provides a strong bond and is easy to apply.
– **Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive**: Sticks firmly when pressure is applied, ensuring the pad stays in place during movement.

## 5. Release Paper

Release paper is a protective layer that covers the adhesive before use. It is typically made from:

– **Silicone-Coated Paper**: Easy to peel off and leaves no residue on the adhesive.

## Properties of Sanitary Pad Raw Materials

The raw materials used in sanitary pads must possess specific properties to ensure the product’s effectiveness and user comfort:

– **Absorbency**: High absorbency is crucial for managing menstrual flow effectively.
– **Softness**: The materials should be gentle on the skin to prevent irritation.
– **Breathability**: Good air circulation helps maintain skin health and comfort.
– **Flexibility**: The pad should conform to the body’s shape for a secure fit.
– **Biodegradability**: Eco-friendly materials are increasingly preferred to reduce environmental impact.

In conclusion, the raw materials used in sanitary pads play a vital role in their performance and user satisfaction. By understanding the composition and properties of these materials, manufacturers can produce high-quality products that meet the needs of women worldwide.